With machine learningMachine learning (or ML) is a process by which machines can be trained to perform tasks that required humans before. It's based on analysis of lots of data, and it might affect how some IoT devices work., a modelA simplified representation of something real. We can create models of things in our heads without even realizing we're doing it. Technology often involves models because they let us simplify what would otherwise be extremely detailed, complicated concepts by focusing only on essential elements. must be trained in order to perform its functionA small portion of a program that’s set aside and given a name. It helps isolate key code in an easy-to-understand way, and it makes changes easier and less error prone. It’s a really important way to make programs easier to understand. May also be called a subroutine. (which is called inferenceFor machine learning, this refers to the process of making decisions using a model. Before the decisions can be made accurately, training must occur.).